Electrical & Electronics • 4th SemesterCore / Standard CurriculumChange Track

Electrical & Electronics — 4th Semester Syllabus

Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Credits Allocation Table (L-T-P Structure)

Course Title	Code	L	T	P	Credits
Analog Electronics	110401	3	1	0	4
Digital Signal Processing	110402	3	1	0	4
Electrical Machine-I	110403	3	1	0	4
Microprocessor and Microcontroller	110404	3	1	0	4
Engineering Mechanics	110405	3	0	0	3
NPTEL-I (Open Course)	110406	-	-	-	3
Analog Electronics Lab	110401P	0	0	2	1
Digital Signal Processing Lab	110402P	0	0	2	1
Electrical Machine-I Lab	110403P	0	0	2	1
Microprocessor and Microcontroller Lab	110404P	0	0	2	1
TOTAL	-	-	-	-	26

Analog Electronics

110401

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit-1.0: Diode circuits

Introduction: Example of an electronic system
Basic concept of signal
Noise etc.
P-N junction diode
I-V characteristics of a diode
Review of half-wave and full-wave rectifiers
Zener diodes
Clamping and clipping circuits

Unit-2.0: BJT circuits

Structure and I-V characteristics of a BJT
BJT as a switch
BJT as an amplifier: small-signal model
Biasing circuits
Current mirror: Basic topology and its variants
V-I characteristics
Output resistance and minimum sustainable voltage (VON)
Maximum usable load
Generation of current source
Common-emitter
Common-base and common collector amplifiers
Small signal equivalent circuits
High-frequency equivalent circuits
Miller's theorem

Unit-3.0: MOSFET circuits

MOSFET structure and I-V characteristics
MOSFET as a switch
MOSFET as an amplifier: small signal model and biasing circuits
Common-source
Common-gate and common-drain amplifiers
Small signal equivalent circuits-gain
Input and output impedances
Trans-conductance
High frequency equivalent circuit

Unit-4.0: Differential, multi-stage and operational amplifiers

Voltage amplifier
Current amplifier
Trans-conductance amplifier and trans-resistance amplifier
Differential amplifier
Power amplifier
Direct coupled multi-stage amplifier
Internal structure of an operational amplifier
Ideal op-amp
Non-idealities in an op-amp (Output offset voltage, input bias current, input offset current, slew rate, gain bandwidth product)
Frequency Response of the amplifier

Unit-5.0: Linear applications of op-amp

Idealized analysis of op-amp circuits
Inverting and non-inverting amplifier
Differential amplifier
Instrumentation amplifier
Integrator
Active filter
PI and PID controllers and lead/lag compensator using an op-amp
Voltage regulator
Feedback amplifiers and Oscillators design (Wein bridge and phase shift)
Multivibrators (astable, monostable & bistable)
Analog to Digital Conversion

Unit-6.0: Nonlinear applications of op-amp

Hysteretic Comparator
Zero Crossing Detector
Square-wave and triangular-wave generators
Precision rectifier
Peak detector
Monoshot
Design of two-stage amplifier
Frequency compensation
Generalized structure of multistage amplifier

Digital Signal Processing

110402

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit-1.0: Discrete and Fast Fourier Transform

The discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
Sampling of the discrete time Fourier transform
Properties of the DFT
Linear convolution using the DFT
Fourier analysis of the signals using the DFT
Direct computation of the DFT
Decimation-in-time FFT algorithms
Decimation-in-frequency FFT algorithm

Unit-2.0: Design of FIR filters

Design of FIR filters: FIR filters with linear phase
Design of FIR filters by windowing and frequency sampling
Design of some special FIR filters
Real Time Implementation of FIR filters

Unit-3.0: Design of IIR filters

Design of IIR filters: Introduction to IIR filter design
Design of continuous time low pass filters
Butterworth
Chebyshev and Elliptic Approximations
Transformation of continuous time filters to discrete time filters
Design examples for low pass IIR filters
Frequency transformations of low pass filters

Unit-4.0: Realisation of Digital filters

Realizations of Digital Filters-FIR filter structures: direct form
Cascade form
Linear-phase form
FIR Lattice structure
IIR filter structures: direct form-I
Direct form-II
Cascade form
Parallel form
All pole lattice structure
Lattice-ladder (pole-zero) lattice structure

Unit-5.0: Multirate signal processing

Multirate signal processing: sampling rate conversion
Implementation of Multirate systems
Filter design for Multirate systems
Design of FIR Digital filters: Window method
Park-McClellan's method
Design of IIR Digital Filters: Low-pass
Band-pass
Band-stop and High pass filters
Effect of finite register length in FIR filter design
Parametric and non-parametric spectral estimation
Introduction to multi-rate signal processing

Unit-6.0: Finite wordlength effects

Finite wordlength effects: Number representation
Statistical analysis of quantization error
Quantization of Fixed-point and Floating-point numbers
A/D and D/A conversion
A/D conversion noise analysis
Quantization of filter coefficients
Effects of finite wordlength on digital filters

Electrical Machine-I

110403

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit-1.0: Basic Concept of Magnetic Circuits

Concepts of MMF
Flux and reluctance
Electromagnetic induction phenomenon
Magnetic Circuit and application
Elementary machine working principle as motor and generator
Magnetic curves and core losses

Unit-2.0: Single-Phase Transformers

Constructional features of Ideal transformer and practical transformer
Principles of operation
Emf equation
Operation on load magnetizing and core loss components phasor diagrams
Equivalent circuit
Determination of its parameters from O.C and S.C tests
Per unit parameter values and their importance
Regulation
Efficiency
All-day efficiency expressions and calculations
Sumpner Test

Unit-3.0: Three-Phase Transformers

Constructional features as a single unit and a bank of three units
Vector groups for various connections: Scott connection Open delta operation
Conversion from three-phase to one-phase
Two-phase
Multi-phase
Per-phase analysis
Tertiary winding
Parallel operation and load sharing
Types of Transformer: Auto Transformer (saving of copper -rating of autotransformers)
Pulse Transformer
Isolation Transformer
Grounding Transformer
Power transformer
Distribution transformer

Unit-4.0: Basics of Electrical Rotating Machine

Electromechanical energy conversion Principle: Field energy and co-energy
Torque and force in singly excited and multiple excited electromechanical systems and applications
Windings: Types of winding in DC and AC Machine
MMF in field and armature Winding of machines
Working Principle: Elementary Machine
Torque generation in DC and AC Machine
Types of Losses and efficiency in rotating machine

Unit-5.0: DC Machines- Construction and types

Armature windings simplex lap and wave windings
Pole pitch
Coil span
Winding pitch
Commutator pitch--equalizer ring connections-power flow diagram-numerical problems- dummy coils
Methods of setting brushes in DC machines
Basic construction of a DC machine
Magnetic structure stator yoke
Stator poles
Pole-faces or shoes
Air gap
Armature core
Commutation
Type of Commutation
Air gap flux density distribution
Armature MMF wave
Type of DC generators and motors
Methods of excitation separately excited
Shunt
Series and compound machines
Induced EMF: EMF equations- electromagnetic torque- numerical problems
Derivation of the back EMF equation and torque equation
Armature Reaction
Demagnetizing and cross-magnetizing armature MMF
Variation with brush position
Compensating winding
Interpoles- numerical problems

Unit-6.0: DC Machine - Operation & Performance

Armature circuit equation for DC Motor and DC Generator
Types of field excitations
Open circuit characteristic of DC Generator
Voltage build-up in a DC Generator
Critical field resistance
Critical speed
V-I characteristics and torque-speed characteristics of DC Motors
DC Motor Speed Control
Testing of DC motors -Swinburne's test
Hopkinson's test and retardation test
Calculation of losses and efficiency
DC motor applications
Parallel operation - parallel operation of shunt series and compound generations
Starting of DC motors- starters -2 point
3point and 4 point starters
Speed control of DC motors field control
Armature control
Braking of DC motors- Power flow diagram - losses and efficiency

Microprocessor and Microcontroller

110404

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit-1.0: Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

Fundamentals of Microprocessor Architecture
8-bitMicroprocessor and Microcontroller architecture
Comparison of 8-bit microcontrollers
16-bit and 32-bit microcontrollers
Definition of embedded system and its characteristics
Role of microcontrollers in embedded Systems
Overview of the 8051 family

Unit-2.0: The 8086 Microprocessor

Introduction to 8086 Microprocessor
Architecture of 8086 Microprocessor
Addressing modes of 8086
Instruction set of 8086
Assembler directives
Simple assembly language programs
Procedures
Macros
Pin diagram of 8086-Minimum mode and maximum mode of operation

Unit-3.0: The 8051 Architecture

Internal Block Diagram
CPU
ALU
Address
Data and control bus
Working registers
SFRs
Clock and RESET circuits
Stack and Stack Pointer
Program Counter
I/O ports
Memory Structures
Data and Program Memory
Timing diagrams and Execution Cycles

Unit-4.0: The 8051 Instruction Set and Programming

Addressing modes: Introduction
Instruction syntax
Data types
Subroutines Immediate addressing
Register addressing
Direct addressing
Indirect addressing
Relative addressing
Indexed addressing
Bit inherent addressing
Bit direct addressing
8051 Instruction set
Instruction timings
Data transfer instructions
Arithmetic instructions
Logical instructions
Branch instructions
Subroutine instructions
Bit manipulation instruction
Assembly language programs
C language programs
Assemblers and compilers
Programming and debugging tools

Unit-5.0: The 8051 Memory and I/O Interfacing

Memory and I/O expansion buses
Control signals
Memory wait states
Interfacing of peripheral devices such as General Purpose I/O
ADC
DAC
Timers
Counters
Memory devices
Keyboard and display devices
Interfacing of sensors
Transducers
Actuators
Data acquisition systems
Standard Interfaces - RS232
USB
Development aids and troubleshooting techniques
Programmable Interrupt and DMA controllers

Unit-6.0: External Communication Interface

Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication
RS232
SPI
I2C
Introduction and interfacing to protocols like Blue-tooth and Zig-bee

Engineering Mechanics

110405

Theory Course • 6 Units

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Unit-1.0: Fundamentals of Mechanics

Overview of engineering mechanics
Vector and scalar quantities
Units of physical quantities
Dimensions of physical quantities
Units and Dimensions
Dimensional analysis

Unit-2.0: Force Systems and Equilibrium

Force Systems Basic Concepts
Particle Equilibrium in 2-D & 3-D
Rigid Body Equilibrium
System of Forces: oplanar Concurrent Forces
Components in Space
Resultant and Moment of Forces and its Application
Couples and Resultant of Force System
Free Body Diagrams
Equations of Equilibrium of Coplanar Systems and Spatial Systems

Unit-3.0: Friction and Structural Analysis

Types of Friction: Limiting
Static
Dynamic
Laws of Friction
Motion of Bodies and Wedge Friction
Equilibrium in Three Dimensions
Method of Sections and Method of Joints
Tension and Compression in Members
Simple Trusses
Zero Force Members
Beams
Types of Beams
Frames and Machines

Unit-4.0: Centroid, Centre of Gravity, and Moment of Inertia

Centroid of Simple Figures from First Principle
Centroid of Composite Sections
Centre of Gravity and Its Implications
Area Moment of Inertia: Definition and Theorems Moment of Inertia of Plane Sections
Standard Sections
Composite Sections
Mass Moment Inertia of Circular Plate
Cylinder
Cone
Sphere
Hook

Unit-5.0: Virtual Work, Energy Method, and Particle Dynamics

Virtual Displacements and Principle of Virtual Work
Degrees of Freedom and Active Force Diagram
Conservative Forces and Potential Energy
Energy Equation for Equilibrium
Applications of Energy Method for Equilibrium
Stability of Equilibrium
Review of Particle Dynamics: Rectilinear and Plane Curvilinear Motion
Relative and Constrained Motion
Newton's 2nd Law Work-Kinetic Energy
Power
Potential Energy Impulse-Momentum and Impact

Unit-6.0: Kinetics of Rigid Bodies

Introduction to Kinetics of Rigid Bodies Basic Terms and General Principles in Dynamics Types of Motion and Instantaneous Centre of Rotation in Plane Motion Simple Problems D'Alembert's Principle and Its Applications in Plane Motion and Connected Bodies Work-Energy Principle and Its Application in Plane Motion of Connected Bodies Kinetics of Rigid Body Rotation

NPTEL-I (Open Course)

110406

Theory Course • Course Details

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Analog Electronics Lab

110401P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

To verify and plot the V-I characteristics of silicon diode & Zener diode in forward and reverse bias.
To verify and plot the wave form of half wave rectifier & full wave rectifier
To verify and draw input and output characteristics of BJT (PNP or NPN) in CE, CB & CC configuration.
To study h- parameter of transistors in C.E configuration, C.B configuration & C.C configuration
To study Wein bridge oscillator.
To study phase shift oscillator.
To study of clipping circuit.
To study of clamping circuit.
To study of characteristics of MOSFET
To study the operational amplifier as differentiator& integrator.
To study the operational amplifier as inverting amplifier & non inverting Amplifier.

Prescribed Experiments

To verify and plot the V-I characteristics of silicon diode & Zener diode in forward and reverse bias.
To verify and plot the wave form of half wave rectifier & full wave rectifier
To verify and draw input and output characteristics of BJT (PNP or NPN) in CE, CB & CC configuration.
To study h- parameter of transistors in C.E configuration, C.B configuration & C.C configuration
To study Wein bridge oscillator.
To study phase shift oscillator.
To study of clipping circuit.
To study of clamping circuit.
To study of characteristics of MOSFET
To study the operational amplifier as differentiator& integrator.
To study the operational amplifier as inverting amplifier & non inverting Amplifier.

Digital Signal Processing Lab

110402P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

Computation of N-point DFT of the length-N sequence
Evaluation of Fast Fourier Transform using (a) Decimation in Time algorithm (b) Decimation in Frequency algorithm
Design of FIR Low pass, High pass, Band pass and Band stop filters using rectangular and Bartlett window.
Design of FIR Low pass, High pass, Band pass and Band stop filters using (i) Blackman window (ii) Hamming window (iii) Hanning window
Design of IIR Digital- (i) Low pass (ii) High pass (iii) Band pass (iv) Band stop filter using Butterworth approximation
Design of IIR Digital (i) Low pass (ii) High pass (iii) Band pass (iv) Band stop filter using CHEBYSHEV TYPE-I approximation and CHEBYSHEV TYPE-II approximation.
Cascade realization of the given Linear-Phase FIR/ IIR transfer functions
Decimation and interpolation and poly phase decomposition
Sampling and reconstruction of a band limited signal

Prescribed Experiments

Computation of N-point DFT of the length-N sequence
Evaluation of Fast Fourier Transform using (a) Decimation in Time algorithm (b) Decimation in Frequency algorithm
Design of FIR Low pass, High pass, Band pass and Band stop filters using rectangular and Bartlett window.
Design of FIR Low pass, High pass, Band pass and Band stop filters using (i) Blackman window (ii) Hamming window (iii) Hanning window
Design of IIR Digital- (i) Low pass (ii) High pass (iii) Band pass (iv) Band stop filter using Butterworth approximation
Design of IIR Digital (i) Low pass (ii) High pass (iii) Band pass (iv) Band stop filter using CHEBYSHEV TYPE-I approximation and CHEBYSHEV TYPE-II approximation.
Cascade realization of the given Linear-Phase FIR/ IIR transfer functions
Decimation and interpolation and poly phase decomposition
Sampling and reconstruction of a band limited signal

Electrical Machine-I Lab

110403P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

Experiment to determine self and mutual inductances of two coupled inductors
Open circuit and short circuit tests on a single-phase transformer and determination of parameters.
Calculating the regulation and efficiency of a Single-Phase transformer
Parallel Operation of Two Single-Phase Transformers
Study of different types of transformers
Vector Group Test of the Three-Phase Transformer
Determination of the characteristics of a DC Shunt Generator
Determination of the efficiency of the DC machine through Hopkinson's Test
Study of DC Shunt, DC Series, and DC Compound Machines
Speed Control of DC Motor using armature voltage and field control

Prescribed Experiments

Experiment to determine self and mutual inductances of two coupled inductors
Open circuit and short circuit tests on a single-phase transformer and determination of parameters.
Calculating the regulation and efficiency of a Single-Phase transformer
Parallel Operation of Two Single-Phase Transformers
Study of different types of transformers
Vector Group Test of the Three-Phase Transformer
Determination of the characteristics of a DC Shunt Generator
Determination of the efficiency of the DC machine through Hopkinson's Test
Study of DC Shunt, DC Series, and DC Compound Machines
Speed Control of DC Motor using armature voltage and field control

Microprocessor and Microcontroller Lab

110404P

Laboratory Subject • 1 Units

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Topics Part 1

Programs for 16/8 bit arithmetic operations for 8086/8085 (using Various Addressing Modes).
Program for sorting an array for 8086.
Program for searching for a number or character in a string for 8086.
Program for string manipulations for 8086.
Program for digital clock design using 8086.
Interfacing ADC and DAC to 8086/8051.
Interfacing stepper motor to 8086/8051.
Programming using arithmetic, logical and bit manipulation instructions of 8051.
Program and verify Timer/Counter in 8051.
Program and verify Interrupt handling in 8051
UART Operation in 8051.
Communication between 8051 kit and PC.

Prescribed Experiments

Programs for 16/8 bit arithmetic operations for 8086/8085 (using Various Addressing Modes).
Program for sorting an array for 8086.
Program for searching for a number or character in a string for 8086.
Program for string manipulations for 8086.
Program for digital clock design using 8086.
Interfacing ADC and DAC to 8086/8051.
Interfacing stepper motor to 8086/8051.
Programming using arithmetic, logical and bit manipulation instructions of 8051.
Program and verify Timer/Counter in 8051.
Program and verify Interrupt handling in 8051
UART Operation in 8051.
Communication between 8051 kit and PC.